Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Volume 51 / No. 3 / 1996
Friedrich Nietzsche’s Revaluation of Values
JAN STEKLAC, Katedra filozofie a teorie nabozenstva EBF UK, Bratislava
F. Nietzsche is known as an opponent of the Western Platonic Christian
ethical tradition. Less known is his contribution in noetics and axiology,
as his commentaries on those problems remained unpublished during his lifetime,
although more attention was paid by him to the problem of Truth than to
that of morals. In these works Nietzsche revaluates the concept of the
Absulute Truth as the ultimate source of old values, i. e. of the „ascetic
ideal“. The paper shows Nietzsche’s coming to terms with the Platonic ideal
as the source of the absolute morality and with some representative noetic
conceptions. It deals also with his conception of relative truth, based
on the fundamental probabilities and on an inspirative theory of perspectivity
revived for example in Ortega y Gasset’s philosophy and in postmodernism.
FILOZOFIA 51, 1996, No 3, p. 153
Infinite Incomprehensibility of the Angels’ Minds
ROBERT KONRAD, Filozoficky ustav SAV, Bratislava
The paper is an attempt at a logical justification of the theological
dogma concerning the incomprehensibility of angelic intelect for human
minds. Descartes’ concept of mind, which is constituted by its own thinking,
excludes the possibility of interlocutor and of any relations to the material
objects. The thinking of an isolated mind is necessarily of a solipsistic
nature, having no independent means for the verification of the regularity
of the rule-governed applications of concept. To eliminate the solipsism
stemming from private rules the condition of the public, intersubjective
discourse allowing for the adjustment and correction of rules of speech
has to be introduced. The condition of intersubjectivity alone is not sufficient
to establish the re-gular speech. An external, systematically ordered network
of material objects allowing for the unique descriptions and refferences
is needed. The pre-predicative facti-city of the material world and the
biological make-up of the species Homo Sapiens are among the logical presuppositions
of an intelligible language. Cartesian and angelic minds, lacking human
phenomenology of experience, are from human point of view primarily incomprehensible.
This seems to support the doctrine of the Great Chain of Beings and to
require the elimination of Cartesian-like models of human mind in social
sciences.
FILOZOFIA 51, 1996, No 3, p. 161
„The Other“ – The Fundamental Concept in the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas.
DITA RUKRIGLOVA, Katedra filozofie FF UP JS, Presov
The paper draws from Lévinas fundamental ideas, as well as from other
„dialogue philosophers“ (e.g. M. Buber, F. Rosenzweig, G. Marcel, E. Fromm).
It outlines the wide impact which phenomenology and judaism exerted on
the origins of a philosophy, which is a defence of exterirority, and which
puts one of its leaders (i.e. E. Lévinas) in the position opposite to Parmenides
and Hegel. The paper discusses the menaning of Lévinas concept „The Other“,
which is seen as the exterirority par excellence.
FILOZOFIA 51, 1996, No 3, p.