Electronic Library of Scientific Literature Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Volume 52 / No. 2 / 2000
Michal Zaťko
M. Zaťko: The main trends of the present hydrological and hydrogeographic research. Geografický časopis, 52, 2000, 2, 36 refs.
Sufficient amount of good quality water is the problem of contemporary civilization. Hydrological and water-managing centres pay ever more attention to this issue. The article mentions such fields of hydrological research methods of which may considerably contribute to the solution of this problem from both, theoretical and applied points of view. They are: the effect of supposed change of climate on hydrological cycle, eco-hydrological processes in landscape, hydro- geographic regionalisation and regional typification, ground water regime and extreme discharges.
Key words: change of climate, eco-hydrological processes, hydro-geographic regionalisation, revitalisation of water streams
Rudolf Brázdil
R. Brázdil: Historical climatology: definition, data, methods, results. Geografický časopis, 52, 2000, 2, 7 figs., 95 refs.
The development of historical climatology is presented and different approaches to its delimitation as a branch of science are discussed. Basic groups of data sets divided into man-made and natural sources are characterised. The general method of the historical-climatological analysis documented on the example of the reconstruction of winter air temperatures according to data about cutting ice at Louny is described. Main results obtained of historical climatology are mentioned and the present state and prospects of historical-climatological research are discussed.
Key words: historical climatology, documentary evidence, natural sources, historical-climatological research, Little Ice Age
Ľubomír Solín, Tomáš Cebecauer
Ľ. Solín, T. Cebecauer: New impulses for map expression of spatial variability of basic hydrological characteristics in the territory of Slovakia. Geografický časopis, 52, 2000, 2, 5 figs., 1 tab., 21 refs.
The aim of this paper is to compare approaches to spatial variability of basic hydrological characteristics in the territory of Slovakia in the nineties with those of preceding period. Spatial attention is given to estimation of hydrological values for ungauged basins, gauging network, the database of physical-geographical characteristics, methods of identification of innerly homogeneous but inter se heterogeneous hydrological spatial units and technology of processing and visualisation of spatial data.
Key words: hydrogeographic regional typification, digital relief model, land cover, thematic map, GIS
Miroslav Vysoudil
M. Vysoudil: Topoclimatic mapping: from theory to practice. Geografický časopis, 52, 2000, 2, 2 figs., 3 tabs., 8 refs.
The author deals with theory and pratice of topoclimatic mapping. Combination of knowledge about georelief, active surface, meteorological condition mainly atmospheric circulation on synopsis and local level and antrophological influences allows description of topoclimate in the sense of its definition. Contemporary topoclimatic investigation could be based on use of effective research methods such as remote sensing and GIS techniques. Topoclimatic characteristics present database of spatial information and are compatible for integration into climatic (geographical) information system. The results of topoclimatic mapping are used in wide range of practical applications such as outline of potential (topo)climatic effects, urban planning and civil engineering, judgement of potential air pollution, possibilities of utilize of ecological sources of energy and judgement on its effectiveness and potential, use of landscape for recreation, sport and relaxation.
Key words: topoclimate, topoclimatic mapping, topoklimatic category, active surface, environment, climatic information system
Marián Melo, Milan Lapin
M. Melo, M. Lapin: Temperature scenarios for Slovakia based on Canadian climate models. Geografický časopis, 52, 2000, 2, 8 figs., 2 tabs., 19 refs.
Global climate change owing to strengthened greenhouse effect is one of the most
discussed problem in current climatology. One of the most important sources of information
for creating future climate scenarios are the outputs from climate models. This paper
summarises development of temperature scenarios for Slovakia on the basis of four model
outputs from Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis in Victoria. The scenarios
of monthly mean air temperature for Slovakia under the conditions of the greenhouse gases
concentration doubling in the atmosphere (in the year 2050) are elaborated.
Key words: climate change, greenhouse effect, climate scenarios, general circulation
models, air temperature preceding period. Spatial attention is given to estimation of
hydrological values for ungauged basins, gauging network, the database of
physical-geographical characteristics, methods of identification of innerly homogeneous
but inter se heterogeneous hydrological spatial units and technology of processing and
visualisation of spatial data.
Key words: hydrogeographic regional typification, digital relief model, land cover, thematic map, GIS